攀蜥屬

攀蜥屬
	大攀蜥 Japalura major
科學分類
界：	動物界 Animalia
門：	脊索動物門 Chordata
綱：	爬蟲綱 Reptilia
目：	有鱗目 Squamata
亞目：	鬣蜥亞目 Iguania
科：	舊大陸鬣蜥科 Agamidae
亞科：	飛蜥亞科 Draconinae
屬：	攀蜥屬 Japalura; Gray, 1853
模式種
	變色攀蜥（英語：Variegated mountain lizard） Japalura variegata; Gray, 1853
異名
	Eksteinagama Hoser, 2014;

攀蜥屬（學名：Japalura）舊稱龍蜥屬，為蜥蜴亞目飛蜥科下的一屬，體型中等，體側扁，適應性強，適宜養於家中。以小型蛙類與小型無脊椎動物為食，偶爾會攝食植物。忌悶熱與陽光暴曬。

辨識特徵

長有鬣鱗，背鱗大小不一。肩前方常有斜行、深色的褶，披細鱗。頭長約為頭寬的1.5倍，吻棱與上睫嵴明顯、顳部微隆起，鼓膜裸露。舌較其他同類短，前端微略分叉。頭部長不到10公分，尾長20公分左右。

分佈地區

本屬物種主要分佈於喜馬拉雅南麓，包含巴基斯坦東北側（喜山攀蜥、大攀蜥）、印度北部和東北部（長肢攀蜥、喜山攀蜥、大攀蜥、箭稜攀蜥、三稜攀蜥、變色攀蜥）、尼泊爾（達氏攀蜥、三稜攀蜥、變色攀蜥）、藏南地區、不丹，以及緬甸北部^[1]。

歷史

本屬於1853年由約翰·愛德華·格雷發表。1999年，趙爾宓等《中國動物誌: 爬蟲綱(第二卷)有鱗目. 蜥蜴亞目》將Japalura 的中文屬名定為「龍蜥屬」，並廣泛使用^[2]。2018年，奧克拉荷馬大學的王剴博士等人於《林奈學會動物學雜誌》（Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society）提出過去的龍蜥屬（Japalura）並非單系群，其地理分佈和親緣關係上都跟其他的樹棲鬣蜥混雜。為了解決物種混亂的問題，王剴等人將廣義的龍蜥屬（Japalura sensu lato）拆分為四個屬－ Japalura 、 Diploderma、 Cristidorsa 和 Pseudocalotes，並將 Japalura 的中文屬名改為「攀蜥屬」，而將「龍蜥屬」指代 Diploderma^[1]。

2020年後，部分中國學者建議將 Japalura 的中文名恢復為《中國動物誌》中的名稱，為「龍蜥屬」，而將 Diploderma 的中文屬名改名為「攀蜥屬」^[3]^[4]^[5]。然而王剴等反對這種不必要的中文名變更問題，建議維持物種中文名的穩定性^[6]。在王剴等主編的《中國兩棲、爬行動物分類變動匯總》中也未接收該建議，仍將 Japalura 稱為「攀蜥屬」。^[7]

辭源

本屬的學名「Japalura」為拉丁文，可能源於印度對於此類蜥蜴的稱呼^[1]。

成員物種

根據爬行動物數據庫（The Reptile Database）中的記錄，截止2023年4月，本屬包含以下8種：

長肢攀蜥 Japalura andersoniana Annandale, 1905
奧氏攀蜥 Japalura austeniana (Annandale, 1908)
達氏攀蜥 Japalura dasi (Shah & Kästle, 2002)
翡翠攀蜥 Japalura iadina Wang, Jiang, Siler & Che, 2016^[8]
喜山攀蜥 Japalura kumaonensis (Annandale, 1907)
滑腹攀蜥 Japalura laeviventris Wang, Jiang, Siler & Che, 2016^[8]
大攀蜥 Japalura major (Jerdon, 1870)
Japalura mictophola Mirza, Gowande, Thackeray, Bhosale, Sawant, Phansalkar & Patel, 2024^[9]
箭鱗攀蜥 Japalura sagittifera Smith, 1940^[10]
怒江攀蜥 Japalura slowinskii Rao, Vindum, Ma, Fu & Wilkinson, 2017^[11]
三棱攀蜥 Japalura tricarinata (Blyth, 1853)
變色攀蜥 Japalura variegata Gray, 1853
帆背攀蜥 Japalura vela
玉龍攀蜥 Japalura yulongensis Manthey, Denzer, Hou & Wang, 2012 ^[12]

參考文獻

^ ^1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 Wang, Kai; Che, Jing; Lin, Simin; Deepak, V.; Aniruddha, Datta-Roy; Jiang, Ke; Jin, Jieqiong; Chen, Hongman; Siler, Cameron D. Multilocus phylogeny and revised classification for mountain dragons of the genus Japalura s.l. (Reptilia: Agamidae: Draconinae) from Asia. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. doi:10.1093/zoolinnean/zly034 （英語）.
^ 趙爾宓, 趙肯堂, 周開亞等. 中国动物志: 爬行纲(第二卷)有鳞目. 蜥蜴亚目.. 北京: 中國科學出版社. 1999. ISBN 9787030067500.
^ Liu, Shuo; Hou, Mian; Wang, Jian; Ananjeva, Natalia Borisovna; Rao, Dingqi. A New Species of Diploderma (Squamata: Sauria: Agamidae) from Yunnan Province, China. Russian Journal of Herpetology. 2020-06-24, 27 (3): 127–148. doi:10.30906/1026-2296-2020-27-3-127-148.
^ Bo CAI; Xiang JI; Yingyong WANG; et al. An Annotated List of Lizards (Sauria: Squamata) Recorded from the People’s Republic of China. Asian Herpetological Research. 2022, 13 (1): 64–74 [2022-06-19]. （原始內容存檔於2022-06-20）（中文（中國大陸））.
^ Gao, Zhiwei; Qian, Tianyu; Jiang, Jianping; Hou, Dejia; Deng, Xuejian; Yang, Daode. Species diversity and distribution of amphibians and reptiles in Hunan Province, China. Biodiversity Science. 2022-02-20, 30 (2): 21290. doi:10.17520/biods.2021290.
^ Wang, Kai; Qi, Shuo; Wang, Jian; Köhler, Gunther; Lu, Chen-Qi; Lyu, Zhi-Tong; Wang, Jian; Wang, Ying-Yong; Che, Jing. Revision of the Diploderma fasciatum (Mertens, 1926) Complex (Reptilia: Agamidae: Draconinae). Ichthyology & Herpetology. 2022-09-13, 110 (3): 511–525 [2023-05-02]. doi:10.1643/h2021123.
^ 王剴,張棟儒, 侯紹兵，吳雲鶴. (2023). 2022年中國兩棲、爬行動物分類變動匯總. "中國兩棲類"信息系統. (https://www.amphibiachina.org/ckfinder/userfiles/files/2022%E5%B9%B4%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E4%B8%A4%E6%A0%96%E7%88%AC%E8%A1%8C%E5%8A%A8%E7%89%A9%E5%88%86%E7%B1%BB%E5%8F%98%E5%8A%A8%E6%B1%87%E6%80%BB-%20FV-20230106.pdf^{[失效連結]})
^ ^8.0 ^8.1 Kai Wang, Ke Jiang, Dahu Zou, Fang Yan, Cameron D Siler and Jing Che. 2016. Two New Species of Japalura (Squamata: Agamidae) from the Hengduan Mountain Range, China. Zoological Research. 37(1): 41–56.
^ Zeeshan A. Mirza, Gaurang Gowande, Tejas Thackeray, Harshal Bhosale, Mandar Sawant, Pushkar Phansalkar and Harshil Patel. 2024. A New Montane-dwelling Species of Japalura Gray, 1853 (Squamata: Agamidae) from Arunachal Pradesh, India. TAPROBANICA. 13(1); 1–8. DOI: 10.47605/tapro.v13i1.317
^ Rediscovery of Japalura sagittifera (Sauria: Agamidae) from the Eastern Himalayas, Arunachal Pradesh: An addition to the Indian herpetofauna. Sauria 31(2): 49-55.: http://www.people.fas.harvard.edu/~kunte/KunteMantheyJapalura09.pdf
^ Dingqi Rao, Jens V. Vindum, Xiaohui Ma, Mingxia Fu and Jeffery A. Wilkinson. 2017. A New Species of Japalura (Squamata, Agamidae) from the Nu River Valley in Southern Hengduan Mountains, Yunnan, China. Asian Herpetological Research. 8(2); 86–95 DOI: 10.16373/j.cnki.ahr.160053
^ Kai Wang, Jinlong Ren, Ke Jiang, Zhiyong Yuan, Jing Che and Cameron D. Siler. 2017. Rediscovery of the Enigmatic Mountain Dragon, Japalura yulongensis (Reptilia: Sauria: Agamidae), with Notes on Its Natural History and Conservation. Zootaxa. 4318(2); 351–363. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4318.2.8

[:0-1] 1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 Wang, Kai; Che, Jing; Lin, Simin; Deepak, V.; Aniruddha, Datta-Roy; Jiang, Ke; Jin, Jieqiong; Chen, Hongman; Siler, Cameron D. Multilocus phylogeny and revised classification for mountain dragons of the genus Japalura s.l. (Reptilia: Agamidae: Draconinae) from Asia. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. doi:10.1093/zoolinnean/zly034 （英語）.

[2] 趙爾宓, 趙肯堂, 周開亞等. 中国动物志: 爬行纲(第二卷)有鳞目. 蜥蜴亚目.. 北京: 中國科學出版社. 1999. ISBN 9787030067500.

[3] Liu, Shuo; Hou, Mian; Wang, Jian; Ananjeva, Natalia Borisovna; Rao, Dingqi. A New Species of Diploderma (Squamata: Sauria: Agamidae) from Yunnan Province, China. Russian Journal of Herpetology. 2020-06-24, 27 (3): 127–148. doi:10.30906/1026-2296-2020-27-3-127-148.

[4] Bo CAI; Xiang JI; Yingyong WANG; et al. An Annotated List of Lizards (Sauria: Squamata) Recorded from the People’s Republic of China. Asian Herpetological Research. 2022, 13 (1): 64–74 [2022-06-19]. （原始內容存檔於2022-06-20）（中文（中國大陸））.

[5] Gao, Zhiwei; Qian, Tianyu; Jiang, Jianping; Hou, Dejia; Deng, Xuejian; Yang, Daode. Species diversity and distribution of amphibians and reptiles in Hunan Province, China. Biodiversity Science. 2022-02-20, 30 (2): 21290. doi:10.17520/biods.2021290.

[Wang2022-6] Wang, Kai; Qi, Shuo; Wang, Jian; Köhler, Gunther; Lu, Chen-Qi; Lyu, Zhi-Tong; Wang, Jian; Wang, Ying-Yong; Che, Jing. Revision of the Diploderma fasciatum (Mertens, 1926) Complex (Reptilia: Agamidae: Draconinae). Ichthyology & Herpetology. 2022-09-13, 110 (3): 511–525 [2023-05-02]. doi:10.1643/h2021123.

[7] 王剴,張棟儒, 侯紹兵，吳雲鶴. (2023). 2022年中國兩棲、爬行動物分類變動匯總. "中國兩棲類"信息系統. (https://www.amphibiachina.org/ckfinder/userfiles/files/2022%E5%B9%B4%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E4%B8%A4%E6%A0%96%E7%88%AC%E8%A1%8C%E5%8A%A8%E7%89%A9%E5%88%86%E7%B1%BB%E5%8F%98%E5%8A%A8%E6%B1%87%E6%80%BB-%20FV-20230106.pdf^{[失效連結]})

[Wang-8] 8.0 ^8.1 Kai Wang, Ke Jiang, Dahu Zou, Fang Yan, Cameron D Siler and Jing Che. 2016. Two New Species of Japalura (Squamata: Agamidae) from the Hengduan Mountain Range, China. Zoological Research. 37(1): 41–56.

[9] Zeeshan A. Mirza, Gaurang Gowande, Tejas Thackeray, Harshal Bhosale, Mandar Sawant, Pushkar Phansalkar and Harshil Patel. 2024. A New Montane-dwelling Species of Japalura Gray, 1853 (Squamata: Agamidae) from Arunachal Pradesh, India. TAPROBANICA. 13(1); 1–8. DOI: 10.47605/tapro.v13i1.317

[10] Rediscovery of Japalura sagittifera (Sauria: Agamidae) from the Eastern Himalayas, Arunachal Pradesh: An addition to the Indian herpetofauna. Sauria 31(2): 49-55.: http://www.people.fas.harvard.edu/~kunte/KunteMantheyJapalura09.pdf

[11] Dingqi Rao, Jens V. Vindum, Xiaohui Ma, Mingxia Fu and Jeffery A. Wilkinson. 2017. A New Species of Japalura (Squamata, Agamidae) from the Nu River Valley in Southern Hengduan Mountains, Yunnan, China. Asian Herpetological Research. 8(2); 86–95 DOI: 10.16373/j.cnki.ahr.160053

[12] Kai Wang, Jinlong Ren, Ke Jiang, Zhiyong Yuan, Jing Che and Cameron D. Siler. 2017. Rediscovery of the Enigmatic Mountain Dragon, Japalura yulongensis (Reptilia: Sauria: Agamidae), with Notes on Its Natural History and Conservation. Zootaxa. 4318(2); 351–363. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4318.2.8

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