攀蜥属

攀蜥属
	大攀蜥 Japalura major
科学分类
界：	动物界 Animalia
门：	脊索动物门 Chordata
纲：	爬行纲 Reptilia
目：	有鳞目 Squamata
亚目：	鬣蜥亚目 Iguania
科：	旧大陆鬣蜥科 Agamidae
亚科：	飞蜥亚科 Draconinae
属：	攀蜥属 Japalura; Gray, 1853
模式种
	变色攀蜥（英语：Variegated mountain lizard） Japalura variegata; Gray, 1853
异名
	Eksteinagama Hoser, 2014;

攀蜥属（学名：Japalura）旧称龙蜥属，为蜥蜴亚目飞蜥科下的一属，体型中等，体侧扁，适应性强，适宜养于家中。以小型蛙类与小型无脊椎动物为食，偶尔会摄食植物。忌闷热与阳光暴晒。

辨识特征

长有鬣鳞，背鳞大小不一。肩前方常有斜行、深色的褶，披细鳞。头长约为头宽的1.5倍，吻棱与上睫嵴明显、颞部微隆起，鼓膜裸露。舌较其他同类短，前端微略分叉。头部长不到10公分，尾长20公分左右。

分布地区

本属物种主要分布于喜马拉雅南麓，包含巴基斯坦东北侧（喜山攀蜥、大攀蜥）、印度北部和东北部（长肢攀蜥、喜山攀蜥、大攀蜥、箭棱攀蜥、三棱攀蜥、变色攀蜥）、尼泊尔（达氏攀蜥、三棱攀蜥、变色攀蜥）、藏南地区、不丹，以及缅甸北部^[1]。

历史

本属于1853年由约翰·爱德华·格雷发表。1999年，赵尔宓等《中国动物志: 爬行纲(第二卷)有鳞目. 蜥蜴亚目》将Japalura 的中文属名定为“龙蜥属”，并广泛使用^[2]。2018年，奥克拉荷马大学的王剀博士等人于《林奈学会动物学杂志》（Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society）提出过去的龙蜥属（Japalura）并非单系群，其地理分布和亲缘关系上都跟其他的树栖鬣蜥混杂。为了解决物种混乱的问题，王剀等人将广义的龙蜥属（Japalura sensu lato）拆分为四个属－ Japalura 、 Diploderma、 Cristidorsa 和 Pseudocalotes，并将 Japalura 的中文属名改为“攀蜥属”，而将“龙蜥属”指代 Diploderma^[1]。

2020年后，部分中国学者建议将 Japalura 的中文名恢复为《中国动物志》中的名称，为“龙蜥属”，而将 Diploderma 的中文属名改名为“攀蜥属”^[3]^[4]^[5]。然而王剀等反对这种不必要的中文名变更问题，建议维持物种中文名的稳定性^[6]。在王剀等主编的《中国两栖、爬行动物分类变动汇总》中也未接收该建议，仍将 Japalura 称为“攀蜥属”。^[7]

辞源

本属的学名“Japalura”为拉丁文，可能源于印度对于此类蜥蜴的称呼^[1]。

成员物种

根据爬行动物数据库（The Reptile Database）中的记录，截止2023年4月，本属包含以下8种：

长肢攀蜥 Japalura andersoniana Annandale, 1905
奥氏攀蜥 Japalura austeniana (Annandale, 1908)
达氏攀蜥 Japalura dasi (Shah & Kästle, 2002)
翡翠攀蜥 Japalura iadina Wang, Jiang, Siler & Che, 2016^[8]
喜山攀蜥 Japalura kumaonensis (Annandale, 1907)
滑腹攀蜥 Japalura laeviventris Wang, Jiang, Siler & Che, 2016^[8]
大攀蜥 Japalura major (Jerdon, 1870)
Japalura mictophola Mirza, Gowande, Thackeray, Bhosale, Sawant, Phansalkar & Patel, 2024^[9]
箭鳞攀蜥 Japalura sagittifera Smith, 1940^[10]
怒江攀蜥 Japalura slowinskii Rao, Vindum, Ma, Fu & Wilkinson, 2017^[11]
三棱攀蜥 Japalura tricarinata (Blyth, 1853)
变色攀蜥 Japalura variegata Gray, 1853
帆背攀蜥 Japalura vela
玉龙攀蜥 Japalura yulongensis Manthey, Denzer, Hou & Wang, 2012 ^[12]

参考文献

^ ^1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 Wang, Kai; Che, Jing; Lin, Simin; Deepak, V.; Aniruddha, Datta-Roy; Jiang, Ke; Jin, Jieqiong; Chen, Hongman; Siler, Cameron D. Multilocus phylogeny and revised classification for mountain dragons of the genus Japalura s.l. (Reptilia: Agamidae: Draconinae) from Asia. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. doi:10.1093/zoolinnean/zly034 （英语）.
^ 赵尔宓, 赵肯堂, 周开亚等. 中国动物志: 爬行纲(第二卷)有鳞目. 蜥蜴亚目.. 北京: 中国科学出版社. 1999. ISBN 9787030067500.
^ Liu, Shuo; Hou, Mian; Wang, Jian; Ananjeva, Natalia Borisovna; Rao, Dingqi. A New Species of Diploderma (Squamata: Sauria: Agamidae) from Yunnan Province, China. Russian Journal of Herpetology. 2020-06-24, 27 (3): 127–148. doi:10.30906/1026-2296-2020-27-3-127-148.
^ Bo CAI; Xiang JI; Yingyong WANG; et al. An Annotated List of Lizards (Sauria: Squamata) Recorded from the People’s Republic of China. Asian Herpetological Research. 2022, 13 (1): 64–74 [2022-06-19]. （原始内容存档于2022-06-20）（中文（中国大陆））.
^ Gao, Zhiwei; Qian, Tianyu; Jiang, Jianping; Hou, Dejia; Deng, Xuejian; Yang, Daode. Species diversity and distribution of amphibians and reptiles in Hunan Province, China. Biodiversity Science. 2022-02-20, 30 (2): 21290. doi:10.17520/biods.2021290.
^ Wang, Kai; Qi, Shuo; Wang, Jian; Köhler, Gunther; Lu, Chen-Qi; Lyu, Zhi-Tong; Wang, Jian; Wang, Ying-Yong; Che, Jing. Revision of the Diploderma fasciatum (Mertens, 1926) Complex (Reptilia: Agamidae: Draconinae). Ichthyology & Herpetology. 2022-09-13, 110 (3): 511–525 [2023-05-02]. doi:10.1643/h2021123.
^ 王剀,张栋儒, 侯绍兵，吴云鹤. (2023). 2022年中国两栖、爬行动物分类变动汇总. "中国两栖类"信息系统. (https://www.amphibiachina.org/ckfinder/userfiles/files/2022%E5%B9%B4%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E4%B8%A4%E6%A0%96%E7%88%AC%E8%A1%8C%E5%8A%A8%E7%89%A9%E5%88%86%E7%B1%BB%E5%8F%98%E5%8A%A8%E6%B1%87%E6%80%BB-%20FV-20230106.pdf^{[失效链接]})
^ ^8.0 ^8.1 Kai Wang, Ke Jiang, Dahu Zou, Fang Yan, Cameron D Siler and Jing Che. 2016. Two New Species of Japalura (Squamata: Agamidae) from the Hengduan Mountain Range, China. Zoological Research. 37(1): 41–56.
^ Zeeshan A. Mirza, Gaurang Gowande, Tejas Thackeray, Harshal Bhosale, Mandar Sawant, Pushkar Phansalkar and Harshil Patel. 2024. A New Montane-dwelling Species of Japalura Gray, 1853 (Squamata: Agamidae) from Arunachal Pradesh, India. TAPROBANICA. 13(1); 1–8. DOI: 10.47605/tapro.v13i1.317
^ Rediscovery of Japalura sagittifera (Sauria: Agamidae) from the Eastern Himalayas, Arunachal Pradesh: An addition to the Indian herpetofauna. Sauria 31(2): 49-55.: http://www.people.fas.harvard.edu/~kunte/KunteMantheyJapalura09.pdf
^ Dingqi Rao, Jens V. Vindum, Xiaohui Ma, Mingxia Fu and Jeffery A. Wilkinson. 2017. A New Species of Japalura (Squamata, Agamidae) from the Nu River Valley in Southern Hengduan Mountains, Yunnan, China. Asian Herpetological Research. 8(2); 86–95 DOI: 10.16373/j.cnki.ahr.160053
^ Kai Wang, Jinlong Ren, Ke Jiang, Zhiyong Yuan, Jing Che and Cameron D. Siler. 2017. Rediscovery of the Enigmatic Mountain Dragon, Japalura yulongensis (Reptilia: Sauria: Agamidae), with Notes on Its Natural History and Conservation. Zootaxa. 4318(2); 351–363. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4318.2.8

[:0-1] 1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 Wang, Kai; Che, Jing; Lin, Simin; Deepak, V.; Aniruddha, Datta-Roy; Jiang, Ke; Jin, Jieqiong; Chen, Hongman; Siler, Cameron D. Multilocus phylogeny and revised classification for mountain dragons of the genus Japalura s.l. (Reptilia: Agamidae: Draconinae) from Asia. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. doi:10.1093/zoolinnean/zly034 （英语）.

[2] 赵尔宓, 赵肯堂, 周开亚等. 中国动物志: 爬行纲(第二卷)有鳞目. 蜥蜴亚目.. 北京: 中国科学出版社. 1999. ISBN 9787030067500.

[3] Liu, Shuo; Hou, Mian; Wang, Jian; Ananjeva, Natalia Borisovna; Rao, Dingqi. A New Species of Diploderma (Squamata: Sauria: Agamidae) from Yunnan Province, China. Russian Journal of Herpetology. 2020-06-24, 27 (3): 127–148. doi:10.30906/1026-2296-2020-27-3-127-148.

[4] Bo CAI; Xiang JI; Yingyong WANG; et al. An Annotated List of Lizards (Sauria: Squamata) Recorded from the People’s Republic of China. Asian Herpetological Research. 2022, 13 (1): 64–74 [2022-06-19]. （原始内容存档于2022-06-20）（中文（中国大陆））.

[5] Gao, Zhiwei; Qian, Tianyu; Jiang, Jianping; Hou, Dejia; Deng, Xuejian; Yang, Daode. Species diversity and distribution of amphibians and reptiles in Hunan Province, China. Biodiversity Science. 2022-02-20, 30 (2): 21290. doi:10.17520/biods.2021290.

[Wang2022-6] Wang, Kai; Qi, Shuo; Wang, Jian; Köhler, Gunther; Lu, Chen-Qi; Lyu, Zhi-Tong; Wang, Jian; Wang, Ying-Yong; Che, Jing. Revision of the Diploderma fasciatum (Mertens, 1926) Complex (Reptilia: Agamidae: Draconinae). Ichthyology & Herpetology. 2022-09-13, 110 (3): 511–525 [2023-05-02]. doi:10.1643/h2021123.

[7] 王剀,张栋儒, 侯绍兵，吴云鹤. (2023). 2022年中国两栖、爬行动物分类变动汇总. "中国两栖类"信息系统. (https://www.amphibiachina.org/ckfinder/userfiles/files/2022%E5%B9%B4%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E4%B8%A4%E6%A0%96%E7%88%AC%E8%A1%8C%E5%8A%A8%E7%89%A9%E5%88%86%E7%B1%BB%E5%8F%98%E5%8A%A8%E6%B1%87%E6%80%BB-%20FV-20230106.pdf^{[失效链接]})

[Wang-8] 8.0 ^8.1 Kai Wang, Ke Jiang, Dahu Zou, Fang Yan, Cameron D Siler and Jing Che. 2016. Two New Species of Japalura (Squamata: Agamidae) from the Hengduan Mountain Range, China. Zoological Research. 37(1): 41–56.

[9] Zeeshan A. Mirza, Gaurang Gowande, Tejas Thackeray, Harshal Bhosale, Mandar Sawant, Pushkar Phansalkar and Harshil Patel. 2024. A New Montane-dwelling Species of Japalura Gray, 1853 (Squamata: Agamidae) from Arunachal Pradesh, India. TAPROBANICA. 13(1); 1–8. DOI: 10.47605/tapro.v13i1.317

[10] Rediscovery of Japalura sagittifera (Sauria: Agamidae) from the Eastern Himalayas, Arunachal Pradesh: An addition to the Indian herpetofauna. Sauria 31(2): 49-55.: http://www.people.fas.harvard.edu/~kunte/KunteMantheyJapalura09.pdf

[11] Dingqi Rao, Jens V. Vindum, Xiaohui Ma, Mingxia Fu and Jeffery A. Wilkinson. 2017. A New Species of Japalura (Squamata, Agamidae) from the Nu River Valley in Southern Hengduan Mountains, Yunnan, China. Asian Herpetological Research. 8(2); 86–95 DOI: 10.16373/j.cnki.ahr.160053

[12] Kai Wang, Jinlong Ren, Ke Jiang, Zhiyong Yuan, Jing Che and Cameron D. Siler. 2017. Rediscovery of the Enigmatic Mountain Dragon, Japalura yulongensis (Reptilia: Sauria: Agamidae), with Notes on Its Natural History and Conservation. Zootaxa. 4318(2); 351–363. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4318.2.8

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

[8]

[9]

[10]

[11]

[12]