模板:IPA-all/doc

用法

This template formats IPA transcriptions and links them to Help:IPA, a general IPA key. It is intended for languages without specific support, and for narrow transcriptions of languages that do. See below for specific templates.

The first cell in the template is for the transcription, and a second optional cell is a switch that controls the lede. With no second value, the lede IPA: appears:

• {{IPA-all|a}} → 国际音标：[a]
• {{IPA-all|a|pron}} → 发音：[a]
• {{IPA-all|a|local}} → 当地发音：[a]
• {{IPA-all|a|}} → [a]

Language names may be entered as well; in this case, the colon is required:

• {{IPA-all|a|泰語：}} → 泰语：[a]

Any of these may be combined with a sound file in an optional third cell:

• {{IPA-all|a|local|Nl-A.ogg}} → 当地发音：[a] （^ⓘ）

To keep the default lede, however, ‹IPA› must be entered in the second cell:

• {{IPA-all|a|IPA|Nl-A.ogg}} → 国际音标：[a] （^ⓘ）

The similar template {{pronunciation}} has no lede switch:

• {{pronunciation|Nl-A.ogg}} → 读音^ⓘ

应用

维基百科提供了多个各模板，令条目中使用国际音标（IPA）准确标音时更方便。

国际音标字型

一般来说，当条目内容出现使用国际音标符号的地方，都应该用{{IPA}}包围，使浏览器能够转用一些支援国际音标的字型来显示。 若内文有相当部分包含国际音标，一般我们都会在条目顶部用{{IPA notice|lang=en}}来贴出提示，并且在内文所有需要用到国际音标的地方加上{{IPA}}来标注。

If there are not enough occurrences to warrant a notice, then consider a template that links to an IPA key for the first instance of the IPA on a page or section.

英文单字

For English words, in a broad, non-regional transcription, as when giving the pronunciation of a key word in an article, use templates linking to Help:IPA for English, a chart of the subset of the IPA that is relevant to English:

• {{IPA-en}}, appearing as: 英语发音：/word/ (also /word/, 英语：/word/, 发音：/word/, as hereafter).
• {{IPAc-en}}, which automates the conversion to IPA, so that {{IPAc-en|'|w|3r|d}} appears as /ˈwɜːrd/. This provides mouse-over links to the symbols, and is now the preferred template. 请参阅英语SAMPA表来查看英语国际音标对应的键盘字符。

其他语言单字

For foreign words that are not assimilated into English, regional pronunciations of English words, and non-standard English dialects, use templates linking to the more general Help:IPA chart, containing all major IPA symbols:

• • {{IPA-all}}, appearing as: 国际音标：[word]. Or:
  • For specific languages, there may be dedicated IPA keys for standardized transcription. There are several options for their display. The first cell includes the ISO code of the language; the second is the transcription; the third keys an introductory phrase; and the fourth is space for a sound file. Using the French word eau [o] as an example, we have the default format:

• {{IPA-fr|o}} → 法语发音：[o]

Or the word "pronounced" can be used as the introduction:

• {{IPA-fr|o|pron}} → 发音：[o]

Language name only:

• {{IPA-fr|o|lang}} → 法语：[o]

"IPA" only:

• {{IPA-fr|o|IPA}} → IPA：[o]

Link only:

• {{IPA-fr|o|}} → [o]

Any of these may be combined with a sound file:

• {{IPA-fr|o|lang|Fr-eau.ogg}} → 法语：[o] （^ⓘ）

For the default introductory phrase, however, a placeholder such as “-” is required:

• {{IPA-fr|o|-|Fr-eau.ogg}} → 法语发音：[o] （^ⓘ）

支援语言

本系列模板支援以下语言：

支援的语言及对应模板

阿尔巴尼亚语：{{IPA-sq}} 阿拉伯语：{{IPA-ar}}及{{IPA-arz}}（埃及方言） 亚美尼亚语：{{IPA-hy}} 法兰克-普罗旺斯语：{{IPA-frp}} 阿斯图里亚斯语：{{IPA-ast}}, {{IPA-le}}, {{IPA-mwl}}, {{IPA-ext}} 澳洲原住民语：{{IPA-aus}} 巴斯克语：{{IPA-eu}} 白俄罗斯语：{{IPA-be}} 柏柏尔语：{{IPA-tam}} 保加利亚语及马其顿语：{{IPA-bg}}及{{IPA-mk}} 缅甸语：{{IPA-my}} 粤语：{{IPA-yue}} 加泰隆尼亚语：{{IPA-ca}}及{{IPA-va}} 科隆语：{{IPA-ksh}} 捷克语及斯洛伐克语：{{IPA-cs}} 丹麦语：{{IPA-da}} 荷兰语、佛莱芒语，和阿非利卡语：{{IPA-nl}}及{{IPA-af}} 英语：{{IPA-en}}（参看以下的{{IPAc-en}}） 斐济语：{{IPA-fj}} 芬兰语及爱沙尼亚语：{{IPA-fi}}及{{IPA-et}} 法语：{{IPA-fr}}（参看以下的{{IPAc-fr}}） 格鲁吉亚语：{{IPA-ka}} 德语：{{IPA-de}}及{{IPA-gsw}} 希腊语：{{IPA-el}} 海地克里奥尔语：{{IPA-ht}} 夏威夷语：{{IPA-haw}} 希伯来语：{{IPA-he}} 印度斯坦语：{{IPA-hns}}、{{IPA-hi}}、{{IPA-ur}} 匈牙利语：{{IPA-hu}}（参看以下的{{IPAc-hu}}） 冰岛语：{{IPA-is}} 爱尔兰语：{{IPA-ga}}（参看以下的{{IPAc-ga}}） 意大利语：{{IPA-it}} 日本语：{{IPA-ja}} 高棉语：{{IPA-km}} 韩国语：{{IPA-ko}} 寮语、依桑语：{{IPA-lo}} 拉丁语：{{IPA-la}} 马拉加斯语：{{IPA-mg}} 马来语及印尼语：{{IPA-may}} 中文（普通话）：{{IPA-cmn}} (see also {{IPAc-cmn}} hereafter) 曼岛语：{{IPA-gv}} 毛利语： {{IPA-mi}} 纳瓦特尔语：{{IPA-nah}} 奥克语：{{IPA-oc}} 波斯语：{{IPA-fa}} 波兰语：{{IPA-pl}}（参看以下的{{IPAc-pl}}） 葡萄牙语及加利西亚语：{{IPA-pt}}及{{IPA-gl}} 罗马尼亚语：{{IPA-ro}} 俄语：{{IPA-ru}} 梵语：{{IPA-sa}} 苏格兰盖尔语：{{IPA-gd}} 塞尔维亚语和克罗埃西亚语：{{IPA-sh}}、{{IPA-hr}}、{{IPA-sr}}、{{IPA-cnr}} 西班牙语：{{IPA-es}} 瑞典语及挪威语：{{IPA-sv}}及{{IPA-no}} 他加禄语（菲律宾语）：{{IPA-tl}} 淡米尔语：{{IPA-ta}} 泰语：{{IPA-th}} 藏语：{{IPA-bo}} 土耳其语及亚塞拜然语：{{IPA-tr}} 乌克兰语：{{IPA-uk}} 越南语：{{IPA-vi}} 威尔士语：{{IPA-cy}} 意第绪语：{{IPA-yi}}

给其他未支援的语言使用的IPA-all模板

Redirects have been created for languages which do not yet have dedicated templates. Transcriptions which use these redirects will link to {{IPA-all}} for the time being; when a language-specific template is created the articles will be linked correctly. For example, you can use {{IPA-jv|word}} for Javanese, but for the moment it will be redirected to {{IPA-all}}, producing 国际音标：[word].

Languages and language extensions (IPA-iso) with redirects to IPA-all

{{IPA-all}} (transcriptions not specific to any language, or which have not yet been reassigned) {{IPA-ace}} 亚齐语 {{IPA-ain}} 阿伊努语（虾夷文） {{IPA-ak}} Akan (Fante, Twi) {{IPA-alg}} Algonquian (Micmac, Cree) {{IPA-am}} Amharic {{IPA-an}} 阿拉贡语 {{IPA-ang}} 古英语 {{IPA-arn}} Mapuche {{IPA-art}} artificial (Esperanto, Tolkien, etc.) {{IPA-ath}} Athabaskan (Dene, Navajo) {{IPA-ay}} 艾马拉语 {{IPA-azc}} Uto-Aztecan (Shoshone, Comanche) {{IPA-ba}} 巴什基尔语 {{IPA-bm}} 曼丁语、班巴拉语 {{IPA-bn}} 孟加拉语、阿萨姆语 {{IPA-bodia}} 藏语群 {{IPA-br}} 布列塔尼语 {{IPA-cau}} （北）高加索诸语言 {{IPA-cel}} 凯尔特语族 {{IPA-ch}} 查莫罗语 {{IPA-csb}} 卡舒比语 {{IPA-cv}} 楚瓦什语 {{IPA-dedia}} 德语方言 {{IPA-dv}} 迪维西语 {{IPA-ee}} Gbe (Ewe, Fon) {{IPA-endia}} 英语方言 {{IPA-enm}} Middle English {{IPA-esdia}} Spanish dialects {{IPA-fo}} Faroese {{IPA-frdia}} French dial. (Canadian, Metis, Norman) {{IPA-fy}} Frisian {{IPA-gn}} Guaraní {{IPA-gsw}} Alemannic (Swiss, Alsatian) {{IPA-gu}} Gujarati {{IPA-ha}}豪萨语 {{IPA-hak}} Hakka {{IPA-hmn}} Hmong {{IPA-ig}} Igbo {{IPA-ira}} Iranian (Old Persian, Kurdish, Pamir) {{IPA-iro}} Iroquoian (Mohawk, Cherokee) {{IPA-itdia}} Italian dial. (Corsican, Sicilian, Sardinian [also IPA-srd]) {{IPA-iu}} 伊努克提图特语 {{IPA-jv}} 爪哇语 {{IPA-ki}} Kikuyu {{IPA-kk}} 哈萨克语 {{IPA-kl}} Greenlandic {{IPA-kn}} Kannada {{IPA-kok}} Konkani {{IPA-kw}} Cornish {{IPA-ky}} Kyrgyz {{IPA-lg}} Ganda {{IPA-lij}} Ligurian (Genoese) {{IPA-lt}} Lithuanian {{IPA-ltc}} Middle Chinese {{IPA-lv}} Latvian {{IPA-mga}} Middle Irish {{IPA-ml}} Malayalam {{IPA-mn}} 蒙古语 {{IPA-mnw}} Mon {{IPA-moh}} Mohawk {{IPA-mos}} Mossi/Gurunsi {{IPA-mr}} Marathi {{IPA-mt}} 马耳他语 {{IPA-mus}} Muskogean (Chickasaw, Creek) {{IPA-myn}} Maya(n) {{IPA-nan}} Minnan/Taiwanese {{IPA-ne}} 尼泊尔语 {{IPA-non}} Old Norse {{IPA-ny}} Chewa {{IPA-oax}} Oaxaca (Zapotec, Mixe, Otomi) {{IPA-or}} Oriya {{IPA-pa}} Punjabi {{IPA-pms}} Piedmontese {{IPA-poly}} (other) Polynesian {{IPA-ps}} Pashto {{IPA-qu}} Quecha {{IPA-rm}} Romansh {{IPA-rw}} Rwanda-Rundi {{IPA-ryu}} Okinawan langs {{IPA-sal}} Salish & NW Coast {{IPA-sco}} Scots {{IPA-sd}} Sindhi {{IPA-sei}} Seri {{IPA-sem}} (ancient) Semitic, Egyptian {{IPA-sga}} Old Irish {{IPA-shn}} Shan {{IPA-si}} Sinhala {{IPA-sio}} Siouan (Omaha, Lakota) {{IPA-sl}} Slovene {{IPA-sla}} Slavic (Old Slavic, Silesian, Sorbian) {{IPA-sm}} Samoan {{IPA-sn}} Shona {{IPA-so}} Somali {{IPA-st}} Sotho {{IPA-su}} Sundanese {{IPA-sw}} Swahili {{IPA-syr}} Syriac {{IPA-te}} Telugu {{IPA-tn}} Tswana {{IPA-to}} Tongan {{IPA-tt}} 鞑靼语 {{IPA-tyv}} Tuvan {{IPA-ug}} Uyghur {{IPA-uz}} Uzbek {{IPA-wo}} Wolof {{IPA-wuu}} 吴语 {{IPA-xh}} Nguni (Zulu, Xhosa, Swazi) {{IPA-xx}} (misc. languages with only a few transcriptions apiece, or unidentified) {{IPA-yo}} Yoruba {{IPA-zu}} Nguni (Zulu, Xhosa, Swazi)

转换为IPA

Another type of language-specific template allows you to enter ordinary letters (or conventional ASCII equivalents) from a given language for automatic conversion to phonetic symbols. Those currently available are {{IPAc-ar}} for Arabic, {{IPAc-cmn}} for Mandarin, {{IPAc-en}} for English, {{IPAc-fr}} for French, {{IPAc-ga}} for Irish, {{IPAc-hu}} for Hungarian, {{IPAc-pl}} for Polish and {{IPAc-ja}} for Japanese. For example:

• {{IPAc-ar|2|a|l|l|u|gh|a|t_|a|l|3|a|r|a|b|i|y|y|a}} → [ʔalluɣat‿alʕarabijja]
• {{IPAc-cmn|zh|ong|1|h|ua|2|-|r|en|2|m|in|2|-|g|ong|4|h|e|2|g|uo|2}} → [tʂʊ́ŋxwǎ ʐə̌nmǐn kʊ̂ŋxɤ̌kwɔ̌]
• {{IPAc-en|,|{|l|@|'|b|{|m|@}} → /ˌæləˈbæmə/
• {{IPAc-fr|j|@|-|s|U|i|s_|a|m|é|r|i|c|ain}} → [jə sɥi.z‿ameʁikɛ̃]
• {{IPAc-ga|'|b|ai|l'|@|-|'|á|th|@|-|'|c'|l'|ia|th}} → [ˈbˠalʲə ˈaːhə ˈclʲiəh]
• {{IPAc-hu|'|m|a|gy|á|r}} → [ˈmɒɟaːr]
• {{IPAc-pl|'|sz|cz|e|ć|i|n}} → [ˈʂt​͡ʂɛt​͡ɕin]

追踪分类

• Category:有音频读音的条目（340）
• Category:有IPAc-en不支援的输入的条目（0）

参看

• {{respell}}，用于发音重拼, which may be used for English words in addition to the IPA
• {{lang-nci-IPA}}, for dual Nahuatl-IPA transcription

参见

• {{IPA2}}