類固醇生成酶
 | 此條目目前正依照其他維基百科上的內容進行翻譯。 (2019年6月28日) |
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類固醇生成酶類（英語：Steroidogenic enzymes）是指一大類涉及甾體激素生物合成與代謝的酶類[2][3][4][5]。這些酶參與合成的甾體激素包括性激素類（雄激素、雌激素、孕激素）和腎上腺皮質激素類（糖皮質激素和鹽皮質激素，以及由膽固醇生成的神經甾體[3][4][5]。類固醇生成酶在涉及類固醇生成的組織，如睾丸、卵巢、腎上腺皮質里有很高的表達，但也存在於身體的其他組織[3][4][5]。
類固醇生成酶類列表
[編輯]- 甾體碳鏈裂解酶類
- Steroid hydroxylases
- 11β-Hydroxylase – corticosteroid synthesis
- 17α-羥化酶 – 雄激素與糖皮質激素生成
- 18-Hydroxylase (aldosterone synthase) – mineralocorticoid synthesis
- 21-Hydroxylase – corticosteroid synthesis
- 其它細胞色素P450氧化酶（如CYP1、2、3）– 雌激素代謝
- 羥基類固醇脫氫酶類（也即酮類固醇還原酶類）
- 3α-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase – androgen, progestogen, and neurosteroid synthesis and metabolism
- 3β-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase/Δ5-4-isomerase (1, 2) – androgen, progestogen, and neurosteroid synthesis
- 11β-羥基類固醇脫氫酶（1、2）– 腎上腺皮質激素合成與代謝
- 17β-羥基類固醇脫氫酶（1–15）– 三種性激素的合成與代謝
- 20α-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase – progestogen synthesis and metabolism
- 20β-羥基類固醇脫氫酶 – 孕激素的合成與代謝
- 甾體還原酶類
- Conjugation (and deconjugation)
- Glucuronosyltransferase (UGT2Bs) – steroid metabolism[6]
- Glucuronidase (β-glucuronidase) – steroid synthesis[7]
- Steroid sulfotransferase (SULT1A1, 1E1, 2A1, 2B1a, 2B1b) – steroid metabolism, neurosteroid synthesis[8]
- Steroid sulfatase – steroid synthesis, neurosteroid metabolism[8]
- 其它
- 芳香化酶（雌激素合成酶，CYP19A1）合成雌激素
另見
[編輯]參考文獻
[編輯]- ^ Häggström, Mikael; Richfield, David. Diagram of the pathways of human steroidogenesis. WikiJournal of Medicine. [2019-06-28]. doi:10.15347/wjm/2014.005. （原始內容存檔於2021-02-28） （英語）.
- ^ Hanukoglu I. Steroidogenic enzymes: structure, function, and role in regulation of steroid hormone biosynthesis. The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology. Dec 1992, 43 (8): 779–804. PMID 22217824. doi:10.1016/0960-0760(92)90307-5.
- ^ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Payne AH, Hales DB. Overview of steroidogenic enzymes in the pathway from cholesterol to active steroid hormones. Endocr. Rev. 2004, 25 (6): 947–70. PMID 15583024. doi:10.1210/er.2003-0030.
- ^ 4.0 4.1 4.2 Luu-The V, Labrie F. The intracrine sex steroid synthesis pathways. Prog. Brain Res. 2010, 181: 177–92. PMID 20478438. doi:10.1016/S0079-6123(08)81010-2.
- ^ 5.0 5.1 5.2 Honour JW. Diagnosis of diseases of steroid hormone production, metabolism and action. J Clin Res Pediatr Endocrinol. 2009, 1 (5): 209–26. PMC 3005746
. PMID 21274298. doi:10.4274/jcrpe.v1i5.209.
- ^ Guillemette C, Lévesque E, Harvey M, Bellemare J, Menard V. UGT genomic diversity: beyond gene duplication. Drug Metab. Rev. 2010, 42 (1): 24–44. PMID 19857043. doi:10.3109/03602530903210682.
- ^ William Fishman. Metabolic Conjugation and Metabolic Hydrolysis, Volume II. Elsevier. 2 December 2012: 1–. ISBN 978-0-323-14308-0.
- ^ 8.0 8.1 Mueller JW, Gilligan LC, Idkowiak J, Arlt W, Foster PA. The Regulation of Steroid Action by Sulfation and Desulfation. Endocr. Rev. 2015, 36 (5): 526–63. PMC 4591525 . PMID 26213785. doi:10.1210/er.2015-1036.
