阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦和平奖
阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦和平奖（英語：Albert Einstein Peace Prize）设立于1980年，是由阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦和平奖基金会每年颁发一次的和平奖项，主要奖励对核裁军运动做出贡献者。 该基金会成立于1979年，即阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦诞辰一百周年，并唤起了人们对敦促核裁军的罗素–爱因斯坦宣言的关注。在爱因斯坦的地产受托人的赞助下[1]，威廉·M·施瓦茨（1912-1987）成立了阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦和平奖基金会，后者是一个富有的商人，也是活动家阿龙·施瓦茨的祖父。[2][3][4][5] 威廉·M·施瓦茨曾参与帕格沃什会议科学和世界事务会议，他建立基金会来作为对帕格沃什会议的支持。本奖项的奖励为50,000美元。
1992年以後，未持續頒發。
获奖者
[编辑]| 年份 | 获奖者 | 注释 | 参考资料 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1980 | 阿尔瓦·默达尔 | 为她直言不讳地强调大国为控制其核竞争而采取行动，并为实现1963年部分禁止核试验条约，1969年核不扩散条约，以及禁止部署 海底和太空的核武器作出重大贡献。 | [6][7] |
| 1981 | 乔治·凯南 | 为他减少美苏之间和整个世界之间的紧张关系的持续努力 | [8][9][10] |
| 1982 | McGeorge Bundy, 罗伯特·麦克纳马拉, 杰拉德·C·史密斯 | 为他们反对一次打击 | [11][12][13] |
| 1983 | 约瑟夫·伯纳丁 | 为他起草了美国主教要求签署新的武器协议的牧函 | [14] |
| 1984 | 皮埃尔·特鲁多 |
[15] | |
| 1985 | 维利·勃兰特 | [16] | |
| 1986 | 奥洛夫·帕尔梅 | 追授，奖励“为了和平的广泛努力” | [17] |
| 1988 | 安德烈·德米特里耶维奇·萨哈罗夫 | [18] | |
| 1990 | 米哈伊尔·谢尔盖耶维奇·戈尔巴乔夫 | [19] | |
| 1992 | 约瑟夫·罗特布拉特 和 汉斯·贝特 | 在标志着芝加哥1号堆建立五十周年的大会上授予 | [20][21] |
参见
[编辑]参考资料
[编辑]- ^ Cousins, Norman. Letter from the Albert Einstein Peace Prize Foundation to Joshua Lederberg (PDF). The Joshua Lederberg Papers. United States National Library of Medicine. 14 December 1979 [11 January 2016]. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2017-02-03）.
- ^ Guy, Sandra. Aaron Swartz was ‘killed by government,’ father says at funeral. Sun-Times. 15 January 2013 [10 January 2016]. （原始内容存档于18 January 2013）.
- ^ Heise, Kenan. William Swartz, Peace Agency Founder. Chicago Tribune. November 13, 1987 [10 January 2016]. （原始内容存档于2016-03-04）.
- ^ William M. Swartz, 1912–1987. Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists (Educational Foundation for Nuclear Science, Inc.). January–February 1988: 42 [10 January 2016].
- ^ Yang, Wesley. The Life and Afterlife of Aaron Swartz. New York magazine. February 8, 2013 [2018-02-07]. （原始内容存档于2019-06-02）.
- ^ "NAMES & FACES （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）" in Boston Globe March 14, 1980. Retrieved June 6, 2006.
- ^ Recipient of the first Albert Einstein Peace Prize of $50,000 is...Alva Myrdal for her service to her country and to the world. Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists (Educational Foundation for Nuclear Science, Inc.). May 1980: 7 [11 January 2016].
- ^ Krebs, Albin and Thomas, Robert McG.: "NOTES ON PEOPLE; Kennan Wins Peace Prize （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）" in New York Times March 17, 1981. Retrieved June 6, 2006.
- ^ Recipient of the second Albert Einstein Peace Prize. Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists (Educational Foundation for Nuclear Science, Inc.). May 1981: 7 [11 January 2016].
- ^ Burns, Richard Dean; Siracusa, Joseph M. A Global History of the Nuclear Arms Race: Weapons, Strategy, and Politics. ABC-CLIO. 2013-04-23: 566 [11 January 2016]. ISBN 9781440800955.
- ^ William Swartz; 1912–1987. Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists. June 1988, 5: 2.
- ^ Briefing: How High Is High?. The New York Times. October 2, 1982 [11 January 2016]. （原始内容存档于2019-06-10）.
- ^ McNamara Urges Shift In U.S. Atomic Strategy. New York Times. October 8, 1982 [11 January 2016]. （原始内容存档于2019-06-09）.
- ^ Bernardin, Joseph. Pacem in terris: twenty years later. Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists. February 1984: 11.
- ^ Whitaker, Reg: "Pierre Elliot Trudeau （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）" in The Canadian Encyclopedia. Retrieved June 6, 2006.
- ^ Clarity, James F. and Weaver Jr., Warren: "Brandt Packs His Bags （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）" in New York Times October 4, 1985. Retrieved June 6, 2006.
- ^ Palme honoured. Ottawa Citizen. September 30, 1986: A10 [10 January 2016]. （原始内容存档于2016-04-29）.
- ^ Rhéaume, Charles. Echoing Citizen Einstein in the East: Andrei Sakharov. Conference Proceedings. American Institute of Physics. 18–22 July 2005 [13 August 2012]. （原始内容存档于2013-02-23）.
- ^ ROSENTHAL, ANDREW. Summit in Washington; Bush and Gorbachev sign major accords on missiles, chemical weapons and trade. The New York Times. June 2, 1990 [10 January 2016]. （原始内容存档于2022-01-13）.
In the afternoon, Mr. Gorbachev received ... the award of the Albert Einstein Peace Prize Foundation.
- ^ Pugwash Online （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）. Retrieved June 6, 2006.
- ^ Einstein Peace Prize Award. Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists (Educational Foundation for Nuclear Science, Inc.). December 1992: 5 [11 January 2016].