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莫蒂默·杰尔姆·阿德勒

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莫蒂默·J·阿德勒
莫蒂默·J·阿德勒
出生(1902-12-28)1902年12月28日
 美国紐約
逝世2001年6月28日(2001歲—06—28)（98歲）
 美国帕羅奧圖 (加利福尼亞州)
时代20世紀哲學
地区西方哲學
学派亞里士多德學者、托馬斯主義學者、哲學
主要领域
哲理神學、形而上學、倫理學
受影响于

莫蒂默·傑爾姆·阿德勒（英語：Mortimer Jerome Adler，1902年12月28日—2001年6月28日）是一名美国哲学家。

生平

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阿德勒于1902年12月28日出生在美国纽约市的一个犹太移民家庭。14岁从中学輟學后，成为纽约太阳报的送稿人員，他当时立志想要成为一名记者[1]。不久，阿德勒开始在夜间学习写作课程，从中他发现以下作者堪称英雄:柏拉图、亚里斯多德、托马斯·阿奎那、约翰·洛克、约翰·斯图尔特·密尔等等[2]。之后，他进入哥伦比亚大学继续学习，同时还向学生文艺杂志投稿。尽管由于没能通过必修的游泳测验，而没能获得学士学位（1983年，哥伦比亚大学授予了他一个荣誉学位以作为补偿），阿德勒还是留在了大学，最终得到了一个講師的位置，并获得了心理学博士学位[3]。

1930年，阿德勒前往芝加哥大学，并由之前认识的朋友、新任校长羅伯特·梅納德·哈欽斯安排为芝加哥大学法学院的法律哲学教授。然而他受到了芝加哥的一些哲学家的质疑，这些人对他“能否胜任哲学教授这个职责怀有重大疑问”，并且抵制阿德勒成为该大学哲学系的一分子。而同时，阿德勒也是该学校法学院有史以来第一个非律师出身的教师。

西方世界伟大名著项目的发起人。


1980年，梅耶轻松地问阿德勒，如果他去一个荒岛，准备带哪些书，阿德勒回答说是以下11本:


名言

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著作

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  • Dialectic (1927)
  • The Nature of Judicial Proof: An Inquiry into the Logical, Legal, and Empirical Aspects of the Law of Evidence (1931, with Jerome Michael)
  • Diagrammatics (1932, with Maude Phelps Hutchins)
  • Crime, Law and Social Science （1933, with Jerome Michael)
  • Art and Prudence: A Study in Practical Philosophy (1937)
  • What Man Has Made of Man: A Study of the Consequences of Platonism and Positivism in Psychology (1937)
  • 哲学与科学 of Man: A Collection of Texts as a Foundation for Ethics and Politics (1940)
  • 如何閱讀一本書（How to Read a Book） （1940）(中文版 ISBN 9789570517989)
  • A Dialectic of Morals: Towards the Foundations of Political Philosophy (1941)
  • How to Think About War and Peace (1944)
  • 教育革命 (1944, with Milton Mayer)
  • The Capitalist Manifesto (1958, with Louis O. Kelso) ISBN 0837182107
  • The Idea of Freedom: A Dialectical Examination of the Conceptions of Freedom (1958)
  • The New Capitalists: A Proposal to Free Economic Growth from the Slavery of Savings (1961, with Louis O. Kelso)
  • The Idea of Freedom: A Dialectical Examination of the Controversies about Freedom (1961)
  • Great Ideas from the Great Books (1961)
  • 哲学的条件: Its Checkered Past, Its Present Disorder, and Its Future Promise (1965)
  • The Difference of Man and the Difference It Makes (1967)
  • The Time of Our Lives: The Ethics of Common Sense (1970)
  • The Common Sense of Politics (1971)
  • The American Testament (1975, with William Gorman)
  • Some Questions About Language: A Theory of Human Discourse and Its Objects (1976)
  • Philosopher at Large: An Intellectual Autobiography (1977)
  • Reforming Education: The Schooling of a People and Their Education Beyond Schooling (1977, edited by Geraldine Van Doren)
  • 每个人的亚里斯多德: Difficult Thought Made Easy (1978) ISBN 0684838230
  • How to Think About God: A Guide for the 20th-Century Pagan (1980) ISBN 0-02-016022-4
  • 六种伟大思想（Six Great Ideas: Truth-Goodness-Beauty-Liberty-Equality-Justice） (1981) ISBN 0-02-072020-3
  • The Angels and Us (1982)
  • The Paideia Proposal: An Educational Manifesto (1982)
  • How to Speak / How to Listen (1983) ISBN 0025005707
  • Paideia Problems and Possibilities: A Consideration of Questions Raised by The Paideia Proposal (1983)
  • A Vision of the Future: Twelve Ideas for a Better Life and a Better Society (1984) ISBN 0025002805
  • The Paideia Program: An Educational Syllabus (1984, with Members of the Paideia Group)
  • Ten Philosophical Mistakes (1985) ISBN 0-02-500330-5
  • A Guidebook to Learning: For a Lifelong Pursuit of Wisdom (1986)
  • We Hold These Truths: Understanding the Ideas and Ideals of the Constitution (1987)
  • Reforming Education: The Opening of the American Mind (1988, edited by Geraldine Van Doren)
  • Intellect: Mind Over Matter (1990)
  • Truth in Religion: The Plurality of Religions and the Unity of Truth (1990)
  • Haves Without Have-Nots: Essays for the 21st Century on Democracy and Socialism (1991) ISBN 0025005618
  • Desires, Right & Wrong: The Ethics of Enough (1991)
  • A Second Look in the Rearview Mirror: Further Autobiographical Reflections of a Philosopher At Large (1992)
  • 伟大思想:西方思想的列克星敦 (1992)
  • Natural Theology, Chance, and God (The Great Ideas Today, 1992)
  • The Four Dimensions of Philosophy: Metaphysical-Moral-Objective-Categorical (1993)
  • Art, the Arts, and the Great Ideas (1994)
  • Adler's Philosophical Dictionary: 125 Key Terms for the Philosopher's Lexicon (1995)

编写

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  • 新技术:奴隶还是主人 (in work, with Phillip W. Goetz)
  • Scholasticism and Politics (1940)
  • 西方世界伟大名著 (1952, 52册）
  • A Syntopicon: An Index to The Great Ideas (1952, 2 volumes)
  • The Great Ideas Today (1961-1977, 17 volumes, with Robert Hutchins)
  • Gateway to the Great Books (1963, 10 volumes, with Robert Hutchins)
  • The Annals of America (1968, 21 volumes)
  • Propaedia: Outline of Knowledge and Guide to The New Encyclopædia Britannica 15th Edition (1974, 30 volumes)
  • Great Treasury of Western Thought (1977, with Charles Van Doren)
  • The Great Ideas Today (1978-1999, 20册）
  • 西方世界伟大名著第二版（1990年，60册）
  • A Syntopicon: An Index to The Great Ideas 2nd Edition (1990, 2 volumes)

参见

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參考資料

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  1. ^ Ralph McInerny. "Memento Mortimer" 互联网档案馆的存檔，存档日期2010-11-27.
  2. ^ Mortimer Adler: 1902-2001 — The Day Philosophy Died 互联网档案馆的存檔，存档日期2011-04-10.
  3. ^ "Remarkable Columbians" Columbia U. website on Adler. [2011-05-27]. （原始内容存档于2021-02-20）. 

外部链接

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