喬·拜登的政治立場

現任美國總統喬·拜登，他於2009年至2017年擔任副總統，之前在1973年至2009年擔任美國參議院議員。作為民主黨成員，他在2008年成為總統選舉中巴拉克·歐巴馬的競選搭檔並當選為副總統，他在2012年成功連任。2019年4月，拜登宣布參加2020年總統競選^[1]，最終在2020年11月的選舉中擊敗了共和黨時任總統唐納德·特朗普。^[2]

拜登一直被普遍認為屬於民主黨的主流，被描述為中間^[3]^[4]^[5]到中間偏左^[6]，自己也將自己定位為後者。^[7]雖然一些更左派的人士，如伯尼·桑德斯，批評他不支持全民健保或綠色新政，但拜登的政策強調美國中產階級^[8]和工人階級的需求，並贏得了這些群體的支持。^[9]

拜登支持多項政策，包括競選財務改革（英语：Campaign finance reform in the United States）、推翻《公民聯合法案（英语：Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act）》^[10]^[11]、1994年暴力犯罪控制和執法法案（英语：Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act）^[12]、2009年美國復蘇與再投資法^[13]^[14]、學生稅收抵免^[15]、碳排放限額與交易^[16]、增加基礎設施支出^[14]、公共交通^[17]、再生能源補貼^[16]、學生貸款減免^[18]，以及逆轉共和黨對富人和企業的減稅政策。^[19]^[8]^[20]此外，他支持透過公共健康保險選項（英语：Public health insurance option）^[21]^[22]建立《患者保護與平價醫療法案》，並支持大麻合法化。^[23]拜登自2012年起公開支持同性婚姻^[24]，並一直支持相關的法律進展，包括支持廢除羅訴韋德案。^[25]^[26]

參見

巴拉克·歐巴馬的政治立場（英语：Political positions of Barack Obama）
唐納·川普的政治立場（英语：Political positions of Donald Trump）

參考文獻

^ Burns, Alexander; Martin, Jonathan. Joe Biden Announces 2020 Run for President, After Months of Hesitation. The New York Times. 2019-04-25 [2019-06-12]. ISSN 0362-4331. （原始内容存档于2020-01-27）（美国英语）.
^ Annie Linskey & Philip Rucker, Joe Biden triumphs over Trump, says it is 'a time to heal' even as Trump does not concede （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）, Washington Post (November 7, 2020).
^ Boot, Max. Biden's centrist strategy makes sense: It can prevent Trump's return. The Washington Post. 2021-08-09 [2022-06-30]. （原始内容存档于2021-08-09）.
^ Smith, Sean. Be warned Joe Biden – centrism is no longer a safe haven in politics. The Independent. 2020-11-15 [2021-01-24]. （原始内容存档于2020-12-17）.
^ Hook, Janet. Picking Harris, Biden puts centrist stamp on Democrats' future. Los Angeles Times. 2020-08-12 [2021-01-24]. （原始内容存档于2020-12-14）.
^ Giovanni Russonello, On Politics: Biden's Big Challenge （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）, New York Times (April 9, 2020).
^ Transcript: Former Vice President Joe Biden is Interviewed about His Platform （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）, CNN, New Day (July 5, 2019).
^ ^8.0 ^8.1 Bill Barrow & Michael Ribinkam, Biden: Trump has 'no idea' about working-class struggles （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）, Associated Press (October 23, 2019).
^ Katie Glueck & Jonathan Martin, Why Joe Biden Resonates With Blue-Collar Voters （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）, New York Times (November 19, 2019).
^ Joe Biden on Government Reform. Joe Biden on the Issues. OnTheIssues.org. [April 5, 2013]. （原始内容存档于2013-04-04）.
^ Axelrod, Tal. Biden announces endorsements from End Citizens United, Let America Vote. The Hill. 2020-04-16 [2020-08-28]. （原始内容存档于2020-10-05）.
^ Joe Biden on Crime. Joe Biden on the Issues. OnTheIssues.org. [2013-04-05]. （原始内容存档于2013-04-04）.
^ Biden, Joe. Assessing the Recovery Act: 'The best is yet to come'. USA Today. 2010-02-17 [2013-04-05]. （原始内容存档于2017-01-24） –通过whitehouse.gov National Archives.
^ ^14.0 ^14.1 Biden, Joe. Biden: Mubarak Is Not a Dictator, But People Have a Right to Protest. PBS NewsHour. 2011-01-27 [2013-04-05]. （原始内容存档于2014-01-25）.
^ Joe Biden on Education. Joe Biden on the Issues. OnTheIssues.org. [2013-04-05]. （原始内容存档于2013-04-04）.
^ ^16.0 ^16.1 Joe Biden on Energy & Oil Reform. Joe Biden on the Issues. OnTheIssues.org. [2013-04-05]. （原始内容存档于2013-04-04）.
^ Hockenberry, John. Vice President Joe Biden pushes mass transit spending. The TakeAway. 2009-04-23 [2013-04-05]. （原始内容存档于July 19, 2013）.
^ 引用错误：没有为名为la_times_apr_4的参考文献提供内容
^ Joe Biden's claim that he won't raise taxes on people making less than $400,000. The Washington Post. 2020 [2024-01-20]. （原始内容存档于2021-01-31）.
^ Joe Biden on Tax Reform. Joe Biden on the Issues. OnTheIssues.org. [2013-04-05]. （原始内容存档于2013-04-04）.
^ 2020 CANDIDATE JOE BIDEN BACKS MEDICARE PUBLIC OPTION: 'YOU ALL SHOULD HAVE A CHOICE'. Newsweek News. 2019-04-30 [2019-06-19]. （原始内容存档于2020-02-01）（英语）.
^ Biden just weighed in on 'Medicare for All'. [2024-01-20]. （原始内容存档于2019-07-08）.
^ Joe Biden supports decriminalizing marijuana, stops short of calling for legalization. CNN. 2019-05-16 [June 20, 2019]. （原始内容存档于2019-11-21）.
^ Marriage Equality Is Joe Biden's Legacy. He Had To Evolve To Get There.. BuzzFeed News. [2020-04-15]. （原始内容存档于2020-04-20）（英语）.
^ Lerer, Lisa. When Joe Biden Voted to Let States Overturn Roe v. Wade. The New York Times. 2019-03-29 [2020-08-08]. ISSN 0362-4331. （原始内容存档于2020-08-06）（美国英语）.
^ Catholic News Agency. Biden touts Catholic faith as campaign falters. Catholic News Agency. 2020-02-19 [2020-08-01]. （原始内容存档于2020-07-18）（英语）.

參考書目

加德森, 布雷特. Between North and South: Delaware, Desegregation, and the Myth of American Sectionalism. 賓夕法尼亞大學出版社. 2012-10-08. ISBN 978-0-8122-0797-2.

[1] Burns, Alexander; Martin, Jonathan. Joe Biden Announces 2020 Run for President, After Months of Hesitation. The New York Times. 2019-04-25 [2019-06-12]. ISSN 0362-4331. （原始内容存档于2020-01-27）（美国英语）.

[2] Annie Linskey & Philip Rucker, Joe Biden triumphs over Trump, says it is 'a time to heal' even as Trump does not concede （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）, Washington Post (November 7, 2020).

[3] Boot, Max. Biden's centrist strategy makes sense: It can prevent Trump's return. The Washington Post. 2021-08-09 [2022-06-30]. （原始内容存档于2021-08-09）.

[4] Smith, Sean. Be warned Joe Biden – centrism is no longer a safe haven in politics. The Independent. 2020-11-15 [2021-01-24]. （原始内容存档于2020-12-17）.

[5] Hook, Janet. Picking Harris, Biden puts centrist stamp on Democrats' future. Los Angeles Times. 2020-08-12 [2021-01-24]. （原始内容存档于2020-12-14）.

[6] Giovanni Russonello, On Politics: Biden's Big Challenge （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）, New York Times (April 9, 2020).

[7] Transcript: Former Vice President Joe Biden is Interviewed about His Platform （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）, CNN, New Day (July 5, 2019).

[BarrowRibinkam-8] 8.0 ^8.1 Bill Barrow & Michael Ribinkam, Biden: Trump has 'no idea' about working-class struggles （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）, Associated Press (October 23, 2019).

[9] Katie Glueck & Jonathan Martin, Why Joe Biden Resonates With Blue-Collar Voters （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）, New York Times (November 19, 2019).

[10] Joe Biden on Government Reform. Joe Biden on the Issues. OnTheIssues.org. [April 5, 2013]. （原始内容存档于2013-04-04）.

[11] Axelrod, Tal. Biden announces endorsements from End Citizens United, Let America Vote. The Hill. 2020-04-16 [2020-08-28]. （原始内容存档于2020-10-05）.

[12] Joe Biden on Crime. Joe Biden on the Issues. OnTheIssues.org. [2013-04-05]. （原始内容存档于2013-04-04）.

[13] Biden, Joe. Assessing the Recovery Act: 'The best is yet to come'. USA Today. 2010-02-17 [2013-04-05]. （原始内容存档于2017-01-24） –通过whitehouse.gov National Archives.

[pbs27jan11-14] 14.0 ^14.1 Biden, Joe. Biden: Mubarak Is Not a Dictator, But People Have a Right to Protest. PBS NewsHour. 2011-01-27 [2013-04-05]. （原始内容存档于2014-01-25）.

[15] Joe Biden on Education. Joe Biden on the Issues. OnTheIssues.org. [2013-04-05]. （原始内容存档于2013-04-04）.

[energyandoil-16] 16.0 ^16.1 Joe Biden on Energy & Oil Reform. Joe Biden on the Issues. OnTheIssues.org. [2013-04-05]. （原始内容存档于2013-04-04）.

[17] Hockenberry, John. Vice President Joe Biden pushes mass transit spending. The TakeAway. 2009-04-23 [2013-04-05]. （原始内容存档于July 19, 2013）.

[la_times_apr_4-18] 引用错误：没有为名为la_times_apr_4的参考文献提供内容

[19] Joe Biden's claim that he won't raise taxes on people making less than $400,000. The Washington Post. 2020 [2024-01-20]. （原始内容存档于2021-01-31）.

[20] Joe Biden on Tax Reform. Joe Biden on the Issues. OnTheIssues.org. [2013-04-05]. （原始内容存档于2013-04-04）.

[auto1-21] 2020 CANDIDATE JOE BIDEN BACKS MEDICARE PUBLIC OPTION: 'YOU ALL SHOULD HAVE A CHOICE'. Newsweek News. 2019-04-30 [2019-06-19]. （原始内容存档于2020-02-01）（英语）.

[auto-22] Biden just weighed in on 'Medicare for All'. [2024-01-20]. （原始内容存档于2019-07-08）.

[23] Joe Biden supports decriminalizing marijuana, stops short of calling for legalization. CNN. 2019-05-16 [June 20, 2019]. （原始内容存档于2019-11-21）.

[:0-24] Marriage Equality Is Joe Biden's Legacy. He Had To Evolve To Get There.. BuzzFeed News. [2020-04-15]. （原始内容存档于2020-04-20）（英语）.

[25] Lerer, Lisa. When Joe Biden Voted to Let States Overturn Roe v. Wade. The New York Times. 2019-03-29 [2020-08-08]. ISSN 0362-4331. （原始内容存档于2020-08-06）（美国英语）.

[:2-26] Catholic News Agency. Biden touts Catholic faith as campaign falters. Catholic News Agency. 2020-02-19 [2020-08-01]. （原始内容存档于2020-07-18）（英语）.

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