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File:The Smiths (1984 Sire publicity photo) 002.jpg

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原始檔案 (1,024 × 800 像素,檔案大小:154 KB,MIME 類型:image/jpeg


摘要

描述
English: The Smiths in a promotional photograph for their debut album The Smiths, circa 1984. From left to right; Andy Rourke, Morrissey, Johnny Marr, and Mike Joyce. This photo was also issued later to promote their 1985 album Meat Is Murder.
日期
來源 991.com No copyright markings visible with photo.
Higher resolution photo scan here.
作者 Paul Cox; Distributed by Sire Records
授權許可
(重用此檔案)

No permission is required for the following reasons:

  1. A search was conducted through the U.S. Copyright Office public catalog, and there is NO record that this was subsequently registered within 5 years of publication. As such, the opportunity for copyright protection on the photo was forfeited and it entered the public domain.
  2. The source images linked above are mechanical scans of the underlying public domain work. These scans are faithful reproductions of the photograph that do not meet the threshold of originality necessary to assert a copyright interest.
    English: This is a publicity still taken and publicly distributed to promote the subject or a work relating to the subject.
  • As stated by film production expert Eve Light Honathaner in The Complete Film Production Handbook (Focal Press, 2001, p. 211.):
    "Publicity photos (star headshots) have traditionally not been copyrighted. Since they are disseminated to the public, they are generally considered public domain, and therefore clearance by the studio that produced them is not necessary."
  • Nancy Wolff, in The Professional Photographer's Legal Handbook (Allworth Communications, 2007, p. 55.), notes:
    "There is a vast body of photographs, including but not limited to publicity stills, that have no notice as to who may have created them."
  • Film industry author Gerald Mast, in Film Study and the Copyright Law (1989, p. 87), writes:
    "According to the old copyright act, such production stills were not automatically copyrighted as part of the film and required separate copyrights as photographic stills. The new copyright act similarly excludes the production still from automatic copyright but gives the film's copyright owner a five-year period in which to copyright the stills. Most studios have never bothered to copyright these stills because they were happy to see them pass into the public domain, to be used by as many people in as many publications as possible."
  • Kristin Thompson, committee chairperson of the Society for Cinema and Media Studies writes in the conclusion of a 1993 conference of cinema scholars and editors[1], that:
    "[The conference] expressed the opinion that it is not necessary for authors to request permission to reproduce frame enlargements... [and] some trade presses that publish educational and scholarly film books also take the position that permission is not necessary for reproducing frame enlargements and publicity photographs."

授權條款

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Public domain
本作品屬於公有領域,是因為該作品於1978年至1989年3月1日間於美國發表且不帶著作權聲明,其著作權在5年內沒有持續在美國著作權局登記。但除非該作品作者已經過世多年,否則在對於美國作品不適用較短期限法則的國家和地區仍受著作權保護,如加拿大(過世後50年)、中國大陸(過世後50年,不含港澳地區)、德國(過世後70年)、墨西哥(過世後100年)、瑞士(過世後70年),以及其他有本地條約的國家。更多解釋請參閱這個頁面

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說明

添加單行說明來描述出檔案所代表的內容
The Smiths, circa 1984. From left to right; Andy Rourke, Morrissey, Johnny Marr, and Mike Joyce.

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日期/時間縮⁠圖尺寸用戶備⁠註
目前2023年3月6日 (一) 04:44於 2023年3月6日 (一) 04:44 版本的縮圖1,024 × 800(154 KB)PascalHDCropped 24 % vertically using CropTool with precise mode.
2023年3月6日 (一) 04:43於 2023年3月6日 (一) 04:43 版本的縮圖1,024 × 1,046(200 KB)PascalHDhq
2023年3月6日 (一) 04:39於 2023年3月6日 (一) 04:39 版本的縮圖500 × 622(28 KB)PascalHDUploaded a work by Sire Records from https://991.com/Buy/ProductInformation.aspx?StockNumber=66423 with UploadWizard

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