伴随免疫

伴随免疫（concomitant immunity）是一种非消除性免疫，指一些持续性感染提供的可以防止同源病原体再次感染的一定程度的免疫力。伴随免疫是病原体依赖性的，强调机体对再感染的抵抗力与原发感染的持续存在同时发生这一“矛盾的免疫状态”。^[1]^[2]^[3]

人体对结核分枝杆菌（M. tuberculosis）、血吸虫等一些病原体的早期感染通常表现为伴随免疫。^[1]^[2]^[4]

生物学意义

伴随免疫有助于减少病原体种间竞争和种内竞争。

由于在伴随免疫的状态下产生的免疫力可以防止同源病原体的再次感染，伴随免疫有助于减少种间竞争^[5]；亦有学者提出：伴随免疫通过减少宿主体内的种内竞争来最大限度地提高成虫的适应性。^[6]如，人体在血吸虫感染早期产生的针对血吸虫特异性抗原的获得性免疫应答主要表现为对再次入侵的童虫具有一定的杀伤作用，而不杀伤原发感染的成虫。^[1]^[6]

另见

带虫免疫

参考文献

^ ^1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 苏川; 刘文琪. 人体寄生虫学 10th. 北京市朝阳区潘家园南里19号: 人民卫生出版社. : 113. ISBN 978-7-117-36252-8 （中文（中国大陆））.
^ ^2.0 ^2.1 Joslyn, Louis R.; Flynn, JoAnne L.; Kirschner, Denise E.; Linderman, Jennifer J. Concomitant immunity to M. tuberculosis infection. Scientific Reports. 2022-12-01, 12 (1). doi:10.1038/s41598-022-24516-8 （英语）.
^ Mitchell, Graham F. A Note on Concomitant Immunity in Host-Parasite Relationships: A Successfully Transplanted Concept from Tumor Immunology. Advances in Cancer Research. 1990, 54: 319–332. doi:10.1016/s0065-230x(08)60816-7 （英语）.
^ Trager, William. Schistosomiasis and Concomitant Immunity. Living Together. 1986: 321–336. doi:10.1007/978-1-4615-9465-9_21 （英语）.
^ King, Kayla C; Brockhurst, Michael A; Vasieva, Olga; Paterson, Steve; Betts, Alex; Ford, Suzanne A; Frost, Crystal L; Horsburgh, Malcolm J; Haldenby, Sam; Hurst, Gregory D D. Rapid evolution of microbe-mediated protection against pathogens in a worm host. The ISME Journal. 2016-08-01, 10 (8): 1915–1924. doi:10.1038/ismej.2015.259 （英语）.
^ ^6.0 ^6.1 Buck, Julia C.; De Leo, Giulio A.; Sokolow, Susanne H. Concomitant Immunity and Worm Senescence May Drive Schistosomiasis Epidemiological Patterns: An Eco-Evolutionary Perspective. Frontiers in Immunology. 2020-02-25, 11. PMID 32161583. doi:10.3389/fimmu.2020.00160 （英语）.

[:0-1] 1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 苏川; 刘文琪. 人体寄生虫学 10th. 北京市朝阳区潘家园南里19号: 人民卫生出版社. : 113. ISBN 978-7-117-36252-8 （中文（中国大陆））.

[:1-2] 2.0 ^2.1 Joslyn, Louis R.; Flynn, JoAnne L.; Kirschner, Denise E.; Linderman, Jennifer J. Concomitant immunity to M. tuberculosis infection. Scientific Reports. 2022-12-01, 12 (1). doi:10.1038/s41598-022-24516-8 （英语）.

[3] Mitchell, Graham F. A Note on Concomitant Immunity in Host-Parasite Relationships: A Successfully Transplanted Concept from Tumor Immunology. Advances in Cancer Research. 1990, 54: 319–332. doi:10.1016/s0065-230x(08)60816-7 （英语）.

[4] Trager, William. Schistosomiasis and Concomitant Immunity. Living Together. 1986: 321–336. doi:10.1007/978-1-4615-9465-9_21 （英语）.

[5] King, Kayla C; Brockhurst, Michael A; Vasieva, Olga; Paterson, Steve; Betts, Alex; Ford, Suzanne A; Frost, Crystal L; Horsburgh, Malcolm J; Haldenby, Sam; Hurst, Gregory D D. Rapid evolution of microbe-mediated protection against pathogens in a worm host. The ISME Journal. 2016-08-01, 10 (8): 1915–1924. doi:10.1038/ismej.2015.259 （英语）.

[:2-6] 6.0 ^6.1 Buck, Julia C.; De Leo, Giulio A.; Sokolow, Susanne H. Concomitant Immunity and Worm Senescence May Drive Schistosomiasis Epidemiological Patterns: An Eco-Evolutionary Perspective. Frontiers in Immunology. 2020-02-25, 11. PMID 32161583. doi:10.3389/fimmu.2020.00160 （英语）.

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